Improvement in manufacture of coal-oils



- tort.

7 UNITED. STATES PATENTr` OFFICE.

I- H. P. GENGEMBRE, yo-'F ALLEGHENY,v PENNSYLVANIA.

'Specification forming part of Letters `Patent No. 25, |09. dated August 16,1959.

To all whom itnwy concern:

YBeit known that I, H. P. GENGEMBRE, of the city and 'county' of Allegheny, inthe State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in' the extraction of liquid products from coal or other bitumeniferous substances by the process of distillation; and I hereby declare -that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had ters of reference marked thereon. My invention consists of a new and improved process .of distillation whereby I obtain a better qualityof tar byva more perfect process of distillation of coal or other bitumeniferous substances by a continual, gradual, and progres-h sivbe destructive distillation, by means or use of an apparatus hereinafter described.

To enable any one skilled in the art to make pipe d without admitting any atmospheric air.

E is a screw drawing 0E the coal from the pipe d into the retort F.

F is a cylindrical or polygonal retort movfable around its axis, and keptcontinually or occasionally rotating. 'It is set slightly iuclined, having the end f lowerthan the end E, s o that the rotation or oscillation of the retort will canse the coal or otherv substance under treatment to trav el toward the end f-a result which may ,also be obtainedby having the rey tort horizontal, but furnished internally with ribs set at an angle with the transverse section of the retort, in both cases theniovement ofthe coal or'other substance from E to- *wardf being caused by th motion of thereingsisrepresented as resting on a set of wheels or pulleys, 1? PP Pm', which are driven by a shaft or wheels, G, so that if said wheels are made to rot-ate the retort will revolve on its jownaxis.- A E -is a box receiving the coke or residuum of substances submitted for distillation.

The retort in the accompanyingdraw to the accompanying drawings, andpto the let- Y use my invention, I-will proceed tu descri be I is a water-"trough, into which thecoke is` received.'

. s is the nue tothe staekgfandffmgisthe are! place.

Q is the muera-irpef@ giagions kvan pors and permanent gases.

R is a, tank'or main; tojieceive-tlie heavierl products of distillation, which 'are ldrawn of by the goose-neck pipev T.

U is a pipe .to carry oif the lighter ole-agir'l nous vapors and permanent gases to the rel frigerator.

X is a refrigerator ouworm immersed in Il' cold water, where all the 'lighter oleaginous vapors are condensed into liquids and'drawn off through tle goese-neck 'pipe y, whiletheI permanentgases are drawn up` the pipe N by the force-pump or exhauster T, which creates aI current throughI the Whole apparatus, f-

V is a pipethrougll which" the permanent gases are forced back again ,through the retort in thc direction ofthe arrows K KK.

'W is a safety water-valve to allow the escape of the excess of permanent gases through the pipes fw w. Y

P resuming that the other partsof the apparatus are sufficiently explained by the draw,-

V ings, I will proceed to explain the working of my apparatus. The retort is so placed in the `furnace as to keep -it constantly and regularly heated; at different degrees of temperature throughout its length, from the end lE to the end n f, the end E being kept at the lowr temperature of 600 or 700 Fahrenheit, and the .temperature gradually increasing until it attains a decided red heat at` the endf. The

#coal or other material to be treated, being previously broken, is thrown inthe hopper a,

and the machinery being put in motion, the l feeding-box C will introduce at regular and periodical intervals a certain portion of coal into the retort. .The coal or substance under .treatment will first 4be exposed to a low temperature by falling into the retort at E, and the volatile products which can be evolved at the temperatureof that part of the retort will be vaporized and driven away through the pipe Q by the current of gas in the retort without being allowed to lull or remain in thc retort. any more of these first and most volatile vapors, but by the rotation o f the retort will The coal'will soon cease to evolvev be propelled forward to a point more heated, where a secondemission of less volatile oleaginous andl aqueous vapors will take place and -be carried away like `the first by the current of gas.A This process Willbe repeated Without interruption and until the coali is eX- hausted of al1 its volatile matters and converted into coke. The residuum of the substance undergoing distillation will reach the end f, Where it will fall through the pipe h and spout H as fast as the coalor other substance to be treated isvfedat the end E, hereby obtaining the result aimed at-viz., a continual, gradual, and progressive distillation of the substance under treatment. lThe aqueous and oleaginous vapors, as the permanent gases,

are drawn off through the pipe Q, the main R,

the pipe U, Worm or refrigerator X?, Where all the condensable vapors are condensed into liquids and drawn off at'the places already' alluded to as constructed for that purpose,and thepermanent gases are dra-Wn up the pipe N by the fan, exhauster, or pump T and driven through the pipe V into the'retort at H, liereby maintaining a constant circulation ,of gas in opposite direction to the motion and through the substance undergoing treatment, as before stated.

lI do not claim, broadly, the idea of a retort for the distillation of coal constructed so as to charge and discharge itself during the process of distillation, as I am aware this is done 'in the English W'ebb retort; nor the use of a cylindrical metallic retort rotating or otherwise movable on its axis for the purpose of agitating its contents; nor yet do I claim the introduction of steam or gas into theretort during l the process of distillation when otherwise applied and for a different use, and introduced for purposes other than the one specified in my invention; but

'What I do claim as my invention,and` desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The continual, progressive, and gradual destructive distillation of coal or other bitumeniferous substance for the purpose of obtaining therefrom therdifferent products of distillation by means,v and withthe use of the apparatus herein described, or other equivalent.

H. I. GENGEMBRE. 

